Motor vehicle



G. E. GARNO:

MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 10; 1918.

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(ieorge .E'. acorn/o G. E. GARNO.

MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLICATION F|LED 1UNEIO,1918.

1,412,052, I Patented Apr. 11*,1922.

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G. E. GARNO'.

MOTOR VEHlCLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 10, 1918.

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4 Iii/0611,7701: $607196 Elrliai no- Z0 fiu gg wqy H M-f! G. E. GARNO;

MOTOR VEHICLE.

APPLICATION FILED JUN-E 1-0, 1 918.

v Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

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the wheels omitted and indicated'merely by uNi'r snoncn E."GARNO,OF'BRID'GEPOET,"CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSiGN- PoRATIoN orDELAWARE.

"MENTS, TOTHE-LOCOMOBILE COMPANY, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, A'COR-Application as June 10,

State of Connecticut, have invented an Improvement Motor Vehicles, ofwhich 'the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawingsrepresenting likeparts. 2 g y This invention relates tomotor vehi'c-lesof the class in which the torque reaction, due to the driving'of thewheels, is received by'a torque bar connectingthe axle to the frame, andis more especially concerned witha construction providing for a greaterdegreeof relative flexibility of the torque bar and the associatedparts, with consequent reduction of wear and breakage, as compared withformer structures of this class.

My invention. will be best understood by reference to the followingdescription, when take'n in connection with the accompanying drawings ofone specific embodiment thereof, while'its scope will be moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: f

Fig. 1 -is a plan of a.portion of a motor vehicle embodying myinvention;

Fig. '2 is a side elevation of the same, with a dotted circle; 7

I 3 is a plan .on an: enlarged scale, and partly in horizontal section,illustrating the axle, radius rods, torque bar, fandits connections withthejaxle and'frame;

4:.i's asideelev ation a-t the same scale as Fig; 3, illustrating'the:axle, longitudinal propeller shaft, the t'orquefbar and its connections'with the axle and frame, some vfo'f thelparts being shown invertical section F 5 is a front elevation on "a much enlarged scale,illustrating the forward end of the torque bar, a portion of a-ci'oss'mem :ber of the frame, and the me'ans'jfor ing the torque barthereon;

Figi 6 "s a detail sectional support vie-w on'the same'scale as'Fig. 5,tak'en-on the line 55 ofzFig. mane, a V Fig. 7 is asectionalview'online 7-7 of Fig. -5. i x

Referring to the drawings, 'an'clto the embodirnent of my in entionwhich is 'illust-rated therein, I have there showna portion of'a'motorvehicle having a frame which MO TOR 'VEHIGLE'.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented A11 11 1922 1918. Serial No.239,692.-

may be of any suitable construction, the same herein comprising a pairof longitudinal members 8,, best shown in Fig. 1, connected to eachother by a plurality of transverse members 9, 10 andll. The frame maybesupported in any usual or desired manner, as by springs 12, hereinsecured to spring members 13, the latter being preferably mounted toturn freely on an axle 14:, with whichany suitable driving whe'jels 15may be associated in any appropriate manner. The whee-ls may be driven"by any ;.-iisual orde sired'mechani'sm, herein a longitudinal .pro-

pellershaft l6'of"common form, connected at its rearend to the axle by auniversal joint 17 in a wellknown manner. If desired, the Vpropellerfshaft may beequipped with any usual or desired brake 18,usually operated by foot, and sometimes called the foot b-rail t'e and Isometimes jt'he running brake. The

7.7 1 Wheels may be equipped with usual margi i 'na'l 'brakes'lS), bestshown in Fig. 1. f I

The motor vehicle herein selected for, illus-' i tr'ation, isof ,thetype in which the driving is through distance" or radius rods20, "bestshown in Fig. 3, connecting the axle 14 to the frame, and serving tomaintain the aXle in a definite position l'engthivi'se'of "the /chi cle.In the present instance, these radius rods are connected at their rearends to the axle 14 by ball and socket joints 21', andare connected attheir front ends to the longitudinal'members '8' of the frame' byballand socket joints 2 2, and. to movefax'ially a directlon parallelwith'its own 'a'xis B-B, it

socket joints 22, infsuchafimanner asto'per 'mit the a'Xle to play, up:and down about V horizontal axis 'AA above the "ban and being evident'thatiboth vertical and hOi-izon- V tal movemnts are permitted by reasonof the provision of the universaljoints 21":111d22,

as 'willbe readi'ly understoodlby an inspec- 7' tion'of Fig. 3.

As a means f for receiving the torque re action strains, Ihave provdedfa torque bar '23, connected to the anleand to, 'the'frame in suchmanner "as to provide 'for"'swinging movement-bf Isaidfba'r a horize'maidie 'rection "to accompany axial movement of 1 said axle. To this "end,*the torque bar is herein connected to the aXle by a generally uprightipivot .24, best shown in Fig 4, and is connected to the transversemember ll of the frame by "means 7 of a universal joint of novel form,which permits "both vertical and horizontal swinging movement of thetorque bar, as well as forward and backward movements of thelattcr withrespect to the frame. Referring now to Figs. 5, 6 and 7, wherein thisuniversal joint is shown in detail, the forward end of the torque bar 23is preferably provided with a yoke 25 to form front and rear supportsfor a generally horizontal sliding member 26, herein in the form of astud passing loosely through the forward end of the yoke and threaded atits rear end into the latter. On this stud is mounted a ball 27 held ina suitable socket 28, the latter herein comprising upper and lowerseparable parts 29 and 30, best shown in F ig. 6. Theseparts may besuitably sccured to each other, as by studs 31. in the present example,the arrangement is such that the lower part 30 of the socket may '34 ofthe transverse frame member 11, and

through a bracket 35, to which they are secured by nuts 86 and lock-nuts37. The lower part 30 of the socket members is herein held in place bynuts 38 and lock-nuts 39, also threaded onto the studs 31. Suitableshims 40, herein comprising several thicknesses of thin sheet'metalinterposed between the upper and lower parts 29 and 30 of the socket,provide means of readj ust ment, whereby the socket may be reduced insize from time to time to take up wear by simply removing one or morethicknesses of the shims.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and i, with special reference to the latter, itis evident that when the axle 13 moves lengthwise, such movement will beaccompanied by horizontal swinging movement of the torque bar 23 aboutthe axis CG of the pivot 2st at its rear end, and about a center hereinrepresented by the axis.D-D containing the center of the ball 27. It isalso evident that as the axle plays up and down, the torque barwillswing about a center, herein represented by the horizontal E-E, shown inFig. 3. It should moreover be evidentthat when one wheel 1% is elevatedor depressed to a greater extent than the other, the axle 13 and torquebar 23 will swing about a generally horizontal axis F- F, which 18 the3315 of the stud 26, s nce the up and down movement of the axle is,

restricted by the radius rods 20 to an arc GG (Fig. 2), whose center isin the axis AA. Such movement will naturally be accompanied by forwardand backward sliding movement of the stud :26 in the ball 27. From theforegoing, it should be understood that the described universal jointprovides for perfect freedom of swinging move- 26 is provided with anaxial oil hole ll, which may receive its supply-through an '80 The oilmay} oil hole 42, normally closed by a suitable cap 3, best shown inFig. 7.. he conducted from the passage 4L1 to the liiearing surfaces inany appropriate manner, f

by the provision of a radial passage or passages n, preferably having awickor icks 45 therein, to carry the oil by capillary action in anoutward direction to a circumferential channel 46 formed in the stud 26.

It should be evident that, as the latter rotates and slides backward andforward, its cylindrical surface, working in its bearing in the ball 27,will be thoroughly lubricated.

Gil may be conducted to the cooperating bearing surfaces of the ball 27and socket 28 by providing said ball withan internal circumferential Ollgroove 4t", communicating by way of one or more radial passages 48 withan internal circumferential groove 49, the latter feedin the oildirectly to the bearing surfaces. In this way, oil from a' single sourceof supply is fed to the bearing i'ention for illustrative purposes, andhave" disclosed and discussed in detail the con struction andarrangement incidentalto one specific application thereof, itis to be un(lei to the mere details or relative arrangement 11o ed that the in'ention-is limited neither of parts, nor to, its specific embodimentherein shown. but that extensi's 'e deviations from the illustrated formor embodiment of ing from the principles thereof.

Having thus described one form of my invention, what I claim and desireby Letters Patent to secure is:

ing said wheels, a pair of radius rods, un versal oints connectlng saidradius rods.

on the one hand to said frame and on the other hand to said axle, atorque bar extendthe invention mav be made, without depart- .1 2o 1. ina motor vehicle, the combination of a pair of driving wheels, an axlethere} r for, a longitudinal propeller shaft fordii ing lengthwise ofsaid shaft, and pivotal connections for the forward and rear ends ofsaid torque bar provldmg'for swinging said axle.

2. .lna motor vehicle, thecombination" of a pair of driving wheels, anaxle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels;-apair of radius rods, universabjoints connecting said radius rods on theone hand to said frame and on theother' hand to said axle, atorquebarextending lengthwise of said shaft, and means providing for swingingmovement of said torque bar about generally upright axes to accompanyaxial movement of saidaxle, said means including a pivotal jointconnecting the rear end ofsaid torque bar to said axle, and a universaljoint supporting thefront end of said'to'rque bar. 7 v

3. In 'amotor vehicle, the combination of a pair of driving wheels, anaxle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels. atorque bar extending lengthwise of said shaft, and means providing forswinging movement offsaid torque bar about enerall 3 urie'ht axestoaccomw e pany axial movement of said axle, said means including apivotal oint connecting the rear endof saidtorque bar to said axle; anda unlversa'l and forward andbackward sliding joint supporting the frontend of saidtorque bar. j

1-". In a 'motor vehicle, the combination of 'a pair of- 'drivingwheels, an axle there- 7 for, a longitudinalpropeller shaft for drivingsaid wheels, a pairof radius rods, universaljoints connecting saidradius rods on the one hand to' said frame and on the other hand to saidaxle, a torque bar extending-lengthwise of said shaft, and pivotalconnections for the forward and rear ends of'said' torque'barproviding'for swinging movement of said torque bar in a horizonta'ldirection to" accompany axial movement' of said axleand turning movementof said torque bar aboutalongitudinal axis to accompany relative up anddown movements of said wheels Y 5. In a motor vehicle, the combinationof apair of driving wheels, an axle'therefor. a longitudinal propellershaft. for driving said wheels, a pair'o'f radius' ro'ds universaljoints connecting said radius rods on the one hand-to said framegand onthe other hand tosaid axle, and instrumentalities for receiving torquereactionstrains said instrumentalities' including a torque-member, and

means providing for lengthwise movement of said axle in a directionparallel with its axis. 7 1

6. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a pair of driving wheels,an-axle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for drivingsaidwheels,-a pair of radius rods, universal joints connecting said' radiusrods on the one hand to 'saldframe and On the other' hand to-said axle,and instrumentali-.v ties for receiving torque reaction. strains,

said instrumentalities including a torque member, and means providingfor horizonstal swinging movement of said torque memher relatively tosaid axle and lengthwise" movement of said" torque member withreference'tosaid propeller shaft;

7. In a motor vehicle; the combination of a pair of driving wheels,anaaxle there for,a longitudinal propeller shaft for driving saidwheels, a pair ofradius rods, uni= versal' joints connecting said radiusrods on the one hand to said frame and ontho" other hand to said axle,and instrumentali-a: ties for receiving torque reaction strains,

said instrumentalities including a torque member-and means providing forhorizontal swinging movement of said torque member relatively to saidaxle, vertical swinging movement of said axle and torque member andlengthwise movement of said torque;

member with ,reference' to -said propeller;

shaft.

8. Inna motor vehicle, the combination of a pair of drivingwheels, anaxle ther 4 for, a'longitudinal propeller-"shaft for dri ving saidwheels, and: instrumentalities for receivingtorque reaction strains,said. inv

strumentalities includinga torque member,

pivotal Lm'eans providing for. horizontal swingingmovement of saidtorque member relatively to said axle: and sliding means providingrforlengthwise movement of said torque member with reference'tosaid pro-Vpeller shaft; v

9. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a pair of driringwheels, anaxle therefor, a longitudinat propellerwshaftfor 'dri vingi said wheels,a pair of radius rods, uniwersal joints connecting said radius rods.onthe one hand to said frame and on the other hand 'tosaid axle, atorque reaction-receiving member; extending lengthwise of saidshaft,means providing for, vertical and,

horizontal swinging movements of said.--

member, and means providing for-forward and backward movementiof saidmember. lengthwi'se'of said shaft. I 10; In a motor vehicle.- thecombination: of a pair of driving wheelsfan axle there-- for, alongitudinal propeller shaft for driw; I

ing said wheels. a torque reaction-receiving member extendinglengthwiseof sa d shaft.

pivotal: means providing for verticaland horizontal swinging movementsof said member. and slidingm'eansproviding for forward and backwardmovement of said a pivot connecting; the-rear endof said and meansconnecting,

member to said axle. and a pivotal and sliding support for the front endof said member.

12. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a pair of driving wheels, anaxle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels, atorque reaction receiving member extending lengthwise of said shaft, agenerally upright pivot connecting the rear end of said member to saidaxle, and a ball and socket and sliding joint supporting the front endof said member.

13. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, springs supporting said frame on said axle, alongitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels, radius rodsconnecting said axle to said frame, torque member for receiving thetorque reaction from said axle, a substantially uprightpivot connectingsaid torque member to said axle, and a ball and socket connectionbetween said torque member and said frame.

14:. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, springs supporting said frame on said axle, alongitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels, radius rodsconnectingv said axle to said frame, a torque member for receiving thetorque reaction from said axle, a substantially upright pivot connectingsaid torque member to said axle, and a ball and socket and forward andbackward sliding connection between said torque member and said frame.

15. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair-of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, springs connecting said axle with said frame,radius rods connecting said axle with said frame, a longitudinalpropeller shaft for driving said wheels, a torque bar extendinglengthwise of said shaft, a generally vertical pivot connecting the rearend of said torque bar to said axle, the front end of said torque bar tosaid frame, said means including a generally horizontal, longitudinalpivot carried by said torque bar, a ball in which said pivot is slidablelongitudinally,

and a socket in which said ball is mounted.

16. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, springs connecting said axle with said frame,a longitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels, and meansconnecting the front end of said torque bar to said frame, said meansincluding a yoke carried by said torque bar. a generally horizontallongitudinal pivot carried by said yoke, and a ball and socket ointconnecting said pivot with said frame.

17. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame comprising a crossmember, a pair of driving wheels, an axle therefor, a torque barconnected to said axle, and

means connecting said torque bar to said frame, said means including adivisible socket mounted beneath said cross member, and a ball mountedin said socket.

18. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame comprising a crossmember, a pair of driving wheels, an axle therefor, a torque barconnected to said axle, and means connecting said torque bar to saidframe, said means including a socket comprising upper and lowerseparable parts mounted beneath said cross member, and a ball mounted insaid socket.

19. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, apair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle, and meansconnecting said torque bar to said frame, said means including asocketcomprising upper and lower separable parts, means to secure said upperpart to said frame, means to secure said lower part to said upper part,and a ball mounted in said socket.

20. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle, and meansconnecting said torque bar to said frame, said means including a socket,a ball mounted in said socket, and a member slidably mounted in saidball for forward and backward movement therein.

21. In a. motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle, and meansconnecting said torque bar to said frame, said means including a socket,a ball mounted in said socket, and a pivot mounted in said ball forforward and back ward sliding movement and for turning movement about alongitudinal axis.

22. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a 'torquebar connected to said axle,

and means connecting said torque bar to said frame, said means includinga socket, a ball mounted in said socket, and a member mounted in saidsocket for forward and backward movement therein, said member havingprovision for lubrication of its wearing surface.

In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle, and meansconnecting said torque bar to said frame, "said means including asocket, a ball mounted in said socket, and a member slidably mounted insaid ball for forward and backward movement therein, said ball beingprovided with lubricating means, and said member being provided withlubricating means communicating therewith.

24. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle,

and means connecting said torque bar to said frame, said means includinga socket, a ball mounted in said socket, and a member slidably mountedin said ball for forward and backward movement therein, said ball beingprovided with one or more radial oil passages, and said member beingprovided with one or more oil passages communicating therewith.

25. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a torque bar connected to said axle, and meansconnecting said torque bar to said frame, said means including a socket,a ball mounted in said socket, and a member slidably mounted in. saidball for forward and backward movement therein, saidball being providedwith inner and outer circumferential grooves and one or more passagesconnecting the same, and said member being provided with a longitudinalpassage and one or more passages extending laterally therefrom andcommunicating with said inner groove. V o q 26. In a motor vehicle, thecombination of a frame, a pair of driving wheels, an axle therefor,atorque bar connected to said axle, and means connecting said torque barto said frame, said means'including a socket,

a ball mounted in said socket,-'and a member. slidably mounted in saidball for forward,

and backward movement therein, said member being provided with 'alongitudinal 011 passage, one or more radial oil passages com municatingtherewith, and a circumferential a frame, a pair of driving wheels, anaxle.

therefor, a. longitudinal propeller shaft for driving said wheels, atorque bar extending lengthwise of said shaft, and means providing for.movement of said torque bar relatively to said frame accompanying axialmovement of said axle, said means including a pivotal joint connectingsaid torque bar to said axle, and a pivotal joint comprising two parts,one of which is supported by said frame and the other of which presentsa guide in which said torque bar is mounted for forward and backwardsliding movement.

28. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for drivingsaid wheels, and instrumentalities for receiving torque reactionstralns, said instrumentalities including a torque memher, and pivotalmeans connecting saidsaid torque bar relatively to said axle and frame,the pivotal means connecting said torque bar to said framepresentingfaguide and horizontal swinging movements of said member relatively tosaid frame and axle, and sliding means connected to one of said pivotalmeans and providing for forward and backward movement of said memberlengthwise of said shaft.

30. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, anfaxle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaft for drivingsaid wheels, a torque reaction receiving member extending lengthw se ofsaid shaft, a pivot connecting the rear'end of said member to said axle,a pivot interposed between the front. endrof said member and 7 saidframe, and a longitudinal sliding joint connected to the last-mentionedpivot and providing for forward and backward movement of. said member.lengthwise of said shaft.

31. In a motor'vehicle, the combination'of V a frame, a pair of drivingwheels,'an axletherefor, a longitudinalpropeller shaft for driving said-Wheels,'a torque reaction receiv 111g" memberv extending lengthwise ofsaid- 'shaft,la pivotconnecting the rear. end of said member to said axla universal jQintiIiterposed between the front end of said member andsaidframe, and a longitudinal sliding I joint connected'to' said jointand providingv for forward and backward movement of said memberlengthwise of said shaft.

. 32. In a motor vehicle, the combination of a frame, a pair of drivingwheels, an axle therefor, a longitudinal propeller shaftfor driving saidwheels, a torque reaction receiving member extending lengthwise of saidshaft, and connections between said member and said axle and betweensaid member and said frame, including a longitudinal sliding joint andtwo pivotal joints, one of said joints connecting said member to saidaxle and the other to said frame.

an axle member carrying said wheels, a longit-udinalpropeller shaft fordriving said 1 wheels; a torque reaction receiving member extendinglengthwise of said shaft, and piv T otal and sliding joints connecting'saidmembers, and providing for swinging 'movement of said torque memberrelatively to the other two members, and ."longitudinal sliding movementof said torque member relatively to one of the other two members. I

In testimony whereof, I have signed. my name to this specificatio GEORGEE. GARNO.

. 115 33. In a motor vehicle, the combinationof i

